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Spain

The leaders of the Carthaginians, though they had
The two Scipios fall in B. C. 212.
conquered their enemies, could not control themselves: and having made up their minds
“Hasdrubal Gisconis tertius Carthaginiensium dux.” Livy, 24, 41, cp. 25, 37.
that they had put an end to the Roman war, they began quarrelling with each other, finding continual subjects of dispute through the innate covetousness and ambition of the Phoenician character; among whom Hasdrubal, son of Gesco, pushed his authority to such a pitch of iniquity as to demand a large sum of money from Andobales, the most faithful of all their Iberian friends, who had some time before lost his chieftainship for the sake of the Carthaginians, and had but recently recovered it through his loyalty to them. When Andobales, trusting to his long fidelity to Carthage, refused this demand, Hasdrubal got up a false charge against him and compelled him to give up his daughters as hostages. . . .

Histories. Polybius. Evelyn S. Shuckburgh. translator. London, New York. Macmillan. 1889. Reprint Bloomington 1962.

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    • T. G. Tucker, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 8, 8.45
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    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 24, 41
    • Livy, The History of Rome, Book 25, 37
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