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[735a] whereas the woof is softer and shows a due degree of flexibility1—from this we may see that in some such way we must mark out those who are to hold high offices in the State and those who are to hold low offices,2 after applying in each case an adequate educational test. For of State organization there are two divisions, of which the one is the appointment of individuals to office, the other the assignment of laws to the offices. But, in truth, before we deal with all these matters we must observe the following.

1 In weaving the ancients used an upright loom, in which the fixed, vertical threads of the “warp” were of coarser fiber than the transverse threads of the “woof.”

2 Cp. Aristot. Pol. 1265b 18 ff.

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