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chapter:
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER I: THE ORIGIN OF THE DWELLING HOUSE
CHAPTER II: ON THE PRIMORDIAL SUBSTANCE ACCORDING TO THE PHYSICISTS
CHAPTER III: BRICK
CHAPTER IV: SAND
CHAPTER V: LIME
CHAPTER VI: POZZOLANA
CHAPTER VII: STONE
CHAPTER VIII: METHODS OF BUILDING WALLS
CHAPTER IX: TIMBER
CHAPTER X: HIGHLAND AND LOWLAND FIR
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BOOK I
BOOK II
BOOK III
BOOK IV
BOOK V
BOOK VI
BOOK VII
BOOK IX
7. The part which is nearest to the earth before the tree is cut down takes up moisture through the roots from the immediate neighbourhood and hence is without knots and is “clear.” But the upper part, on account of the great heat in it, throws up branches into the air through the knots; and this, when it is cut off about twenty feet from the ground and then hewn, is called “knotwood” because of its hardness and knottiness. The lowest part, after the tree is cut down and the sapwood of the same thrown away, is split up into four pieces and prepared for joiner's work, and so is called “clearstock.”
Vitruvius: The Ten Books on Architecture. Vitruvius. Morris Hicky Morgan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. London: Humphrey Milford. Oxford University Press. 1914.
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- Lewis & Short, nōdātĭo
- Lewis & Short, per-dŏlo
- Lewis & Short, quā^drĭflŭvĭum
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