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1 [2] The games were celebrated through ten days by Publius Cornelius. About the same time a temple was dedicated to the Great Idaean Mother, a goddess whom this same Publius Cornelius, when she came from Asia in the consulship of Publius Cornelius Scipio, who later received the surname of Africanus, and Publius Licinius, had escorted to the Palatine from the harbour.2 [3] The contract for the construction of the temple, under a decree of the senate, was let by the censors Marcus Livius and Gaius Claudius in the consulship of Marcus Cornelius and Publius Sempronius;3 thirteen years after the contract was let, [p. 263]Marcus Junius Brutus dedicated the temple, and games4 were given by reason of the dedication, which Valerius Antias says were the first to be held with dramatic performances, and called the Megalesia.5 Also a temple of Juventas in the Circus Maximus was dedicated by Gaius Licinius Lucullus the duumvir. It had been vowed sixteen years before by Marcus Livius the consul in the battle in which he destroyed Hasdrubal and his army; as censor he also let the contract for its construction in the consulship of Marcus Cornelius and Publius Sempronius.6 [4] By reason of this dedication also games were held, and with more intense religious feeling because the new war with Antiochus was imminent.7

XXXVII. In the beginning of the year in which these things happened, Manius Acilius having already set out to the war and Publius Cornelius the consul being still in Rome, it is recorded that two domesticated cattle in the Carinae climbed up a stairway to the roof of a house. The haruspices ordered that they be burned alive and the ashes thrown into the Tiber. [5] At Terracina and Amiternum it was reported that there were several showers of stones, at Minturnae the temple of Jupiter and the shops around the forum were struck by lightning, at Volturnum in the mouth of the river two ships were struck by lightning and burned. [6] On account of these portents the decemvirs were directed by a decree of the senate to consult the Sibylline Books, and they reported that a fast in honour of Ceres should be held and this repeated every fifth year; also that a nine-day festival should be celebrated and a period of prayer for one day; that those who offered the [p. 265]prayers should wear garlands;8 and that the consul9 Publius Cornelius, in honour of whatever gods and with whatever victims the decemvirs should announce, should offer sacrifice. The gods were appeased now by the due performance of vows, now by the rites of atonement for the prodigies, and the consul departed to his province, ordering the proconsul Gnaeus Domitius to send his army back to Rome and leave the province;10 he himself led the legions into the country of the Boii.

1 37. lvii. 12-14), and it was probably customary for generals to hold out parts of it. Scipio seems to have been careless enough or honest enough not to reserve any booty for this purpose. This episode, together with the following, reveals, however, friction between the senate and the Scipios.

2 Cf. XXIX. xiv. 1. There are numerous references to the selection of Scipio Nasica as the vir optimus to receive the goddess (e.g. XXXV. x. 9). The choice of Brutus rather than Nasica as the dedicator of the temple may be an additional rebuke to him. See, however, the Periocha.

3 The chronology is incorrect. Africanus and Licinius were consuls in 205 B.C. (XXVIII. xxxviii. 12) and Cethegus and Tuditanus in 204 B.C. (XXIX. xi. 10), when the divinity was brought to Rome. Livius and Claudius were censors in this year (XXIX. xxxvii. 1). See also sect. 6 below.

4 B.C. 191

5 It is futile to try to determine just what Antias meant. Cf. XXXIV. liv. 3 for a similar statement.

6 The temple was vowed at the battle of the Metaurus in 207 B.C., but Livy has not mentioned before either the vow or the contract.

7 These events then belong to the early spring of 191 B.C.

8 This was in accordance with Greek ritual.

9 B.C. 191

10 This interpretation is somewhat unnatural but is necessary to secure consistency with i. 9 above.

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load focus Notes (W. Weissenborn, 1873)
load focus Summary (English, Evan T. Sage, PhD professor of latin and head of the department of classics in the University of Pittsburgh, 1935)
load focus Summary (Latin, W. Weissenborn, H. J. Müller, 1911)
load focus Summary (Latin, Evan T. Sage, PhD professor of latin and head of the department of classics in the University of Pittsburgh, 1935)
load focus Latin (Evan T. Sage, PhD professor of latin and head of the department of classics in the University of Pittsburgh, 1935)
load focus Latin (W. Weissenborn, 1873)
load focus English (Rev. Canon Roberts, 1912)
load focus English (Cyrus Evans, 1850)
load focus Latin (W. Weissenborn, H. J. Müller, 1911)
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  • Commentary references to this page (3):
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 35-38, commentary, 37.2
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 39-40, commentary, 40.37
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 39-40, commentary, 40.45
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