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36. In regard to Hasdrubal's coming to Italy anxiety was daily increasing. First, ambassadors from Massilia1 had announced that he had passed over into Gaul, and that the Gauls [2??] were aroused by [p. 355]his coming,2 because he was said to have brought a3 great amount of gold in order to hire mercenaries. [3] After that, Sextus Antistius and Marcus Raecius, who were sent with them from Rome as ambassadors to look into the matter, had reported that with Massilians as guides they had sent men to ascertain all the facts through leading Gauls who were guestfriends of their guides, and to report; [4] that they had established that Hasdrubal with a huge army already concentrated would cross the Alps the next spring, and that at that time nothing else was detaining him than that the Alps were closed by the winter.

[5] In place of Marcus Marcellus as augur Publius Aelius Paetus was elected and installed; and Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella was installed as rex sacrorum in place of Marcus Marcius, who had died two years before. [6] Also in the same year the lustration was completed4 by the censors, Publius Sempronius Tuditanus and Marcus Cornelius Cethegus. [7] Enrolled in the census were 137,108 citizens, a considerably smaller number than it had been before the war.5 In that year for the first time since Hannibal had invaded Italy it is recorded that [8??] the Comitium was covered,6 and that the Roman Games were repeated for one day by the curule aediles, Quintus Metellus and Gaius Servilius. And at the [p. 357]Plebeian Games there was a repetition for two days7 by order of Gaius Mamilius and Marcus Caecilius Metellus, plebeian aediles. [9] And they likewise gave three statues at the Temple of Ceres. There was also a banquet for Jupiter on account of the festival.8

Later on Gaius Claudius Nero and Marcus Livius9 entered upon their consulship, the latter for the second time. [10] Because as consuls-elect they had already cast lots for their provinces, they ordered the praetors to cast lots. [11] To Gaius Hostilius fell the city praetorship; the foreign praetorship also was assigned to him, to enable three praetors to go out to provinces.10 Sardinia fell to Aulus Hostilius, Sicily to Gaius Mamilius, Gaul to Lucius Porcius. The total of the legions was twenty-three, divided as follows among the provinces: [12] the consuls were each to have two legions, Spain four, each of three praetors was to have two, in Sicily and Sardinia and Gaul, Gaius Terentius to [13??] have two in Etruria, Quintus Fulvius two in the land of the Bruttii, Quintus Claudius two in the vicinity of Tarentum and the Sallentini, Gaius Hostilius Tubulus one at Capua. Two city legions were to be enrolled. [14] For the first four legions11 the people elected the tribunes, to the rest of the legions tribunes were sent by the consuls.

1 Livy, whose chronology gives Hasdrubal a whole year in Gaul, does not speak of Scipio's couriers sent to Rome; Zonaras IX. viii. 7.

2 His route from the western Pyrenees across Gaul is thought by some to have been a northerly one, as possibly indicated by mention of the Arverni at xxxix. 6; see p. 288, n. 2, but also p: 366, n. 2. Highly improbable is Jullian's theory (based upon a questionable interpretation of Silius Italicus XV. 494) that Hasdrubal wintered at Iliberris (Elne), hardly 15 miles from the eastern pass guarded by Scipio's detachment. More can be said for the historic low-level route Tolosa-Carcaso-Narbo, and then on the trail of Hannibal at least until the Rhone was reached. Cf. Jullian, Histoire de la Gaule I. 496; De Sanctis I. c. 483.

3 B.C. 208

4 The usual phrase in describing the formal rite of purification with which the work of the censors came to an end; cf. I. xliv. 2, etc.

5 Ten years before, in the censorship of Flaminius and Aemilius Papus, the number of citizens had been over 270,000, almost twice as many; Periocha XX.

6 I.e. with awnings to protect the spectators at gladiatorial shows. For the same purpose Caesar covered the entire Forum; Pliny N. H. XIX. 23.

7 B.C. 208

8 As in XXV. ii. 10; XXIX. xxxviii. 8; XXX. xxxix. 8.

9 B.C. 207

10 Cf. Vol. VI. p. 346, n. 3, and 501, note.

11 I.e. the legions to be assigned to the consuls,

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load focus Notes (W. Weissenborn, H. J. Müller, 1884)
load focus Summary (Latin, Frank Gardner Moore, Professor Emeritus in Columbia University, 1943)
load focus Summary (Latin, W. Weissenborn, H. J. Müller, 1884)
load focus Summary (English, Frank Gardner Moore, Professor Emeritus in Columbia University, 1943)
load focus Latin (Robert Seymour Conway, Stephen Keymer Johnson, 1935)
load focus English (Rev. Canon Roberts, 1912)
load focus Latin (W. Weissenborn, H. J. Müller, 1884)
load focus English (Cyrus Evans, 1850)
load focus Latin (Frank Gardner Moore, Professor Emeritus in Columbia University, 1943)
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  • Commentary references to this page (13):
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 31-32, commentary, 31.8
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 35-38, commentary, 35.41
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 35-38, commentary, 36.3
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 35-38, commentary, 37.18
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 35-38, commentary, 38.42
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 39-40, commentary, 39.45
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 39-40, commentary, 39.46
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 39-40, commentary, 40.42
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 39-40, commentary, 40.46
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 41-42, commentary, 41.11
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 41-42, commentary, 42.31
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 43-44, commentary, 44.21
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 43-44, commentary, 44.44
  • Cross-references to this page (44):
  • Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page (5):
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