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ἐὰν εὐθεῖα γραμμὴ ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον τμηθῇ, τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς ὅλης καὶ τοῦ ἐλάσσονος τμήματος, τὰ συναμφότερα τετράγωνα, τριπλάσιά ἐστι τοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ μείζονος τμήματος τετραγώνου.
5ἔστω εὐθεῖα ἡ ΑΒ, καὶ τετμήσθω ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον κατὰ τὸ Γ, καὶ ἔστω μεῖζον τμῆμα τὸ ΑΓ: λέγω, ὅτι τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν ΑΒ, ΒΓ τριπλάσιά ἐστι τοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς ΓΑ. Ἀναγεγράφθω γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς ΑΒ τετράγωνον τὸ ΑΔΕΒ, καὶ καταγεγράφθω τὸ σχῆμα. ἐπεὶ οὖν ἡ ΑΒ ἄκρον καὶ
10μέσον λόγον τέτμηται κατὰ τὸ Γ, καὶ τὸ μεῖζον τμῆμά ἐστιν ἡ ΑΓ, τὸ ἄρα ὑπὸ τῶν ΑΒΓ ἴσον ἐστὶ τῷ ἀπὸ τῆς ΑΓ. καί ἐστι τὸ μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν ΑΒΓ τὸ ΑΚ, τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς ΑΓ τὸ ΘΗ:
15ἴσον ἄρα ἐστὶ τὸ ΑΚ τῷ ΘΗ. καὶ ἐπεὶ ἴσον ἐστὶ τὸ ΑΖ τῷ ΖΕ, κοινὸν προσκείσθω τὸ ΓΚ: ὅλον ἄρα τὸ ΑΚ ὅλῳ τῷ ΓΕ ἐστιν ἴσον: τὰ ἄρα ΑΚ, ΓΕ τοῦ ΑΚ
20ἐστι διπλάσια. ἀλλὰ τὰ ΑΚ, ΓΕ ὁ ΛΜΝ γνώμων ἐστὶ καὶ τὸ ΓΚ τετράγωνον: ὁ ἄρα ΛΜΝ γνώμων καὶ τὸ ΓΚ τετράγωνον διπλάσιά ἐστι τοῦ ΑΚ. ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ τὸ ΑΚ τῷ ΘΗ ἐδείχθη ἴσον: ὁ ἄρα ΛΜΝ γνώμων καὶ τὸ ΓΚ τετράγωνον διπλάσιά ἐστι τοῦ ΘΗ: ὥστε ὁ ΛΜΝ γνώμων
25καὶ τὰ ΓΚ, ΘΗ τετράγωνα τριπλάσιά ἐστι τοῦ ΘΗ τετραγώνου. καί ἐστιν ὁ μὲν ΛΜΝ γνώμων καὶ τὰ ΓΚ, ΘΗ τετράγωνα ὅλον τὸ ΑΕ καὶ τὸ ΓΚ, ἅπερ ἐστὶ τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν ΑΒ, ΒΓ τετράγωνα, τὸ δὲ ΗΘ τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς ΑΓ τετράγωνον. τὰ ἄρα ἀπὸ τῶν ΑΒ, ΒΓ τετράγωνα τριπλάσιά
30ἐστι τοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς ΑΓ τετραγώνου: ὅπερ ἔδει δεῖξαι.
30ἐὰν εὐθεῖα γραμμὴ ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον τμηθῇ, καὶ προστεθῇ αὐτῇ ἴση τῷ μείζονι τμήματι, ἡ ὅλη εὐθεῖα ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον τέτμηται, καὶ τὸ μεῖζον τμῆμά ἐστιν ἡ ἐξ ἀρχῆς εὐθεῖα.
5εὐθεῖα γὰρ γραμμὴ ἡ ΑΒ ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον τετμήσθω κατὰ τὸ Γ σημεῖον, καὶ ἔστω μεῖζον τμῆμα ἡ ΑΓ, καὶ τῇ ΑΓ ἴση κείσθω ἡ ΑΔ. λέγω, ὅτι ἡ ΔΒ εὐθεῖα ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον τέτμηται κατὰ τὸ Α, καὶ τὸ μεῖζον τμῆμά ἐστιν ἡ ἐξ ἀρχῆς εὐθεῖα ἡ ΑΒ.
10Ἀναγεγράφθω γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς ΑΒ τετράγωνον τὸ ΑΕ, καὶ καταγεγράφθω τὸ σχῆμα. ἐπεὶ ἡ ΑΒ ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον τέτμηται κατὰ τὸ Γ, τὸ ἄρα ὑπὸ ΑΒΓ ἴσον ἐστὶ τῷ ἀπὸ ΑΓ. καί ἐστι τὸ μὲν ὑπὸ ΑΒΓ τὸ ΓΕ, τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς ΑΓ τὸ ΓΘ: ἴσον ἄρα τὸ ΓΕ τῷ ΘΓ. ἀλλὰ τῷ μὲν
15ΓΕ ἴσον ἐστὶ τὸ ΘΕ, τῷ δὲ ΘΓ ἴσον τὸ ΔΘ: καὶ τὸ ΔΘ ἄρα ἴσον ἐστὶ τῷ ΘΕ κοινὸν προσκείσθω τὸ ΘΒ. ὅλον ἄρα τὸ ΔΚ ὅλῳ τῷ ΑΕ ἐστιν ἴσον. καί
20ἐστι τὸ μὲν ΔΚ τὸ ὑπὸ τῶν ΒΔ, ΔΑ: ἴση γὰρ ἡ ΑΔ τῇ ΔΛ: τὸ δὲ ΑΕ τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς ΑΒ: τὸ ἄρα ὑπὸ τῶν ΒΔΑ ἴσον ἐστὶ
25τῷ ἀπὸ τῆς ΑΒ. ἔστιν ἄρα ὡς ἡ ΔΒ πρὸς τὴν ΒΑ, οὕτως ἡ ΒΑ πρὸς τὴν ΑΔ. μείζων δὲ ἡ ΔΒ τῆς ΒΑ: μείζων ἄρα καὶ ἡ ΒΑ τῆς ΑΔ. ἡ ἄρα ΔΒ ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον τέμηται κατὰ τὸ Α, καὶ τὸ μεῖζον τμῆμά ἐστιν ἡ ΑΒ: ὅπερ ἔδει δεῖξαι.
Euclid. Euclidis Elementa. J. L. Heiberg. Leipzig. Teubner. 1883-1888.
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