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[25] Men also feel shame when they are connected with actions or things which entail disgrace,1 for which either they themselves, or their ancestors, or any others with whom they are closely connected are responsible. In a word, men feel shame for those whom they themselves respect;2 such are those mentioned and those who have any relation to them, for instance, whose teachers or advisers they have been; similarly, when they are in rivalry with others who are like them;

1 This rendering involves a plural neuter with a plural verb. Others take the actions or things in a good sense, “deeds and fortunes, their own or their ancestors, which they are likely to disgrace.”

2 i.e. when they have done anything disgraceful.

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