Athenaeus, The Deipnosophists
C. D. Yonge, B.A., Ed.

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Pherecrates, in his Crapatalli, calls what we now call λυχνία, λυχνεῖον, in this line—

A. Where were these λυχνεῖα made?
B. In Etruria.

For there were a great many manufactories in Etruria, as the Etrurians were exceedingly fond of works of art. Aristophanes, in his Knights, says—

Binding three long straight darts together,
We use them for a torch (λυχνείῳ).

And Diphilus, in his Ignorance, says—

We lit a candle (λύχνον), and then sought a candlestick (λύχνειον).

And Euphorion, in his Historic Commentaries, says that the young Dionysius the tyrant of Sicily dedicated, in the Prytaneum at Tarentum, a candlestick capable of containing as [p. 1120] great a number of candles as there are days in a year. And Hermippus the comic poet, in his Iambics, speaks of—

A military candlestick well put together.

And, in his play called The Grooms, he says—

Here, lamp (λυχνίδιον), show me my road on the right hand.

Now, πανὸς was a name given to wood cut into splinters and bound together, which they used for a torch: Menander, in his Cousins, says—

He enter'd, and cried out,
“πανὸν, πύχνον, λυχνοῦχον, any light—”
Making one into many.

And Diphilus, in his Soldier, says—

But now this, πανὸς is quite full of water.

And before them Aeschylus, in his Agamemnon, had used the word πανός—

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