Collection: Naples, Museo Archeologico Nazionale
Summary: Gigantomachy
Ware: Attic Red Figure
Painter: Pronomos Painter
Context: From Ruvo
Date: ca. 410 BC - ca. 400 BC
Dimensions: Restored H. 0.032 m; max. diam. (body) 0.367 m
Primary Citation: ARV2, 1338.13, 1690
Shape: Calyx krater
Beazley Number: 217517
Period: High Classical


Decoration Description:

A (Gigantomachy): Enkelados (labelled above his head), crouched profile to the right, both legs bent, wearing an Attic helmet, and a shield shown in 3/4-inside-view on his bent left arm; Mimas (labelled in red wash, below his rock), leaning 3/4-view to the right, with his head frontal, both legs bent, holding a large rock (shaped like a wine skin!) in both arms, wearing a nebris on his left arm; above him, two nude men, of whom only the legs are preserved; a giant (labelled above his head), lunging 3/4-back-view to the right, both legs bent, with weight on his left leg, wearing a nebris over his left arm, and holding an unidentifiable object in his right hand, extended to the right; another male figure above him, crouching near profile to the right, with his bent, left leg raised on a rock, holds a short spear in his lowered right hand, and raises his left hand on top of a rock; another male figure, standing 3/4-view to the left, with his weight on his bent, right leg, wearing a nebris over his left arm, raises a large rock in both arms; a female figure, probably Attika or Ge, shown only above her hips, standing 3/4-view to the left, wearing a belted peplos, and long hair, raises both bent arms, and looks up; Helios (shown from his hips up; the tops of the four horses also shown) riding a quadriga 3/4-view to the left; another quadriga (?).

B: The feet and drapery of some satyrs; a maenad, Paidia (labelled), lunging 3/4-view to the right, with her weight on her forward, bent, left leg, wearing a belted, sleeveless chiton, a nebris draped over her left arm, and a rayed, red ivy wreath, raises a rock in her right hand, held behind her head, and a thyrsos, to the right, in her upraised left hand; a nude, bearded satyr (labelled to the right of his head), lunging 3/4-view to the right, with his weight on his raised, bent, forward, left leg, wearing a crested Attic helmet, and a nebris over his extended left arm (left hand not preserved), holds his spear horizontally in his lowered right arm; the edge of a wheel (?) above; the extended left leg, and part of a bent right leg (and buttocks) of a nude male figure shown in 3/4-back-view to the right; a tree with ivy branches below.

Sources Used: LIMC, 7.142 s.v. Paidia no. 10, pl. 95 (A. Kossatz-Deissmann); Shapiro 1993, 183, 185, 258 no. 121, fig. 146; Kossatz-Deissmann 1991, 153, 187; Add2, 366; Boardman 1989a, fig. 327; LIMC, 4.119-20 s.v. Eurytos 2 no. 1 (F. Vian), 172 s.v. Ge no. 6 (M.B. Moore), 230 s.v. Gigantes no. 316, pl. 142 (F. Vian/M.B. Moore), 302 s.v. Gorgo, Gorgones no. 178 (ill.) (I. Krauskopf/S.-C. Dahlinger); Moreno 1987, 122 fig. 130; LIMC, 3.478 s.v. Dionysos no. 661 (D. Gasparri); LIMC, 2.911 s.v. Astra no. 24, pl. 674 (S. Karusu); Schefold 1981, 3 101 fig. 132; Floren 1977, 201 no. a, 204 n. 249 fig. 18.1; Simon & Hirmer 1976, 155-56, pl. 232; Bérard 1974, pl. 1.1; Henle 1973, 51 fig. 30; Para, 481; Walter 1971, 42-43, figs. 25-26; Buschor 1969, 209; Dörig et al., Die Griechische Kunst (Munich 1966) fig. 176; J. Charbonneaux et al., Grèce archaïque (Paris 1968) fig. 313; Vian 1963, no. 389, pl. 44; P.E. Arias and M. Hirmer, Mille anni di Ceramica Greca (Florence 1960) pl. 220; EAA 3 (1960) 798 s.v. Gea (G. Sichtermann), fig. 990, 890 s.v. Giganti (F. Vian), fig. 1109; P.E. Arias, ""La Tomba 136 di Valle Pega,"" RivIstArch n.s. 4 (1955) 103, fig. 12; H. Walter, "Gigantomachien," AM 69-70 (1954-1955) 95-96 pl. 11.2; Rumpf 1953, pl. 35.1; A. von Salis, "Die Gigantomachie am Schilde der Athena Parthenos," JdI 55 (1940) 92, 165, figs. 1-2, 34; D.B. Thompson, "Mater Caelaturae," Hesperia 8 (1939) 297, fig. 10; Hahland 1930, 34, pls. 9-10a, fig. 1-2; Pfuhl 1923, fig. 585; RE Suppl. 3 (1918) 745 s.v. Giganten, Eurytion (O. Waser); FR 2.195, fig. 72-75; J. Overbeck, Atlas der griechischen Kunstmythologie (Leipzig 1871-1878) pl.